You may have noticed, maybe not, but in our supermarkets in every season significantly discounted at least one species of a particular fruit. For example, even in winter, when in our latitudes toughest frosts, culminating in the Mediterranean harvest oranges. Where originates this popular fruit? What are the main types of oranges know? Also to be read in the following article.
Orange citrus fruit is orange house and home magazine (Citrus sinensis), colloquially known as the orange tree. Orange trees are trees or shrubs with a height of 10 m. They are produced in particular in sub-tropical house and home magazine areas with warm summers and cold winters appropriately (average temperature of the coldest month should be from 7 to 12 C).
Oranges are a significant source of vitamin C. The fruit flesh is mainly used for direct consumption house and home magazine and production of juice. Orange peel is applied in the preparation of certain foods, but also in the pharmaceutical industry or drugstore. The fruits grown for commercial production is usually grown in groves around the world. The three largest producers of fruit (Brazil, USA and Mexico) house and home magazine exported to about 30% of world production.
There are no surviving records of wild sweet orange. Scientists believe that the orange trees, as we know them today, come from the South East Asia, northeast India and southern China. At these locations were also first cultivated around 2500 before. Kr. (This was particularly the area of China.).
Europe got to know citrus fruit to the 11th century (among them a kind of bitter orange). Then were brought to Italy from the Crusades. Bitter orange house and home magazine and so began to grow in the south of the Italian boots and long been used for medicinal purposes. Sweet varieties of oranges met the old continent house and home magazine until the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries. During this period, first arrived in the Mediterranean orange trees (sweet varieties), Italian and Portuguese merchants. Soon it began to be this orange fruit considered a luxury delicacy. Many a wealthy nobleman longed to literally pick them in your own garden. For this reason, gradually began to emerge private greenhouses for cultivation of citrus fruit called. orangery. They "grew up" on the first aristocratic courts. Later it spread to the gardens of various institutions and companies. Around 1646 met oranges whole of Europe (and consequently the world).
Orange trees are classified according to the characteristics of the fruit into 3 groups: ordinary - oranges with relatively thin skin, yellow to orange flesh, grown mainly in Spain and the Middle East, are suitable for direct consumption and pressing includes eg. Variety: 'Jaffa' Hamlin 'Murcia' Valencia 'blood - with red veins in the flesh and juice violet claret color. This includes for example. Variety: 'Moro' Ruby 'Sanguinello' Tarocco 'umbilical - they are orange with the base of the second fetal bliznovej page that looks like a navel (Eng. Navel). They were discovered in 1820 in a single mutated tree in Brazil. Because these oranges have seeds reproduce only vegetatively. This means that all of today's orange groves of this group are direct descendants of a single tree. These include varieties such as: 'Robertson Navel' 'Thompson Navel' 'Washington Navel'
(Sources: http://www.papampijem.sk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=374&Itemid=119, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_(fruit), http: // SLNIEČKOVO. de / p / Citrus-POMARANCOVY house and home magazine /)
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