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Predators (predators) have a greater influence than plants in how ecosystems function, according to a Yale University study published in the journal Science. These findings, according to the author, Oswald Schmitz, Oastler Professor of Population and Community Ecology at the School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Yale, is a "revolutionary" shift in thinking curtis stone about this subject. Ecosystem ecology has long understood curtis stone that plants and their interaction with the soil determine curtis stone the type and number of herbivores and carnivores in an ecosystem. Schmitz study, "Effects of Predator Hunting Mode on Grassland Ecosystem Function" indicates the opposite. "Most ecosystem ecologists think that the supply of nutrients in plants determines an organism that can live in the trophic (feeding) is higher," said Schmitz. "This study shows that the highest trophic levels that determine how plants interact with the soil." In experiments conducted over three years in 14 indoor cages at Yale-Myers Forest in northeastern Connecticut, Schmitz curtis stone observed to jumping spider, known as Phidippus rimator, a predator in the ecosystem and find pest grasshoppers (Melanopuls femurrubrum) . And like most victims curtis stone of crime, grasshoppers facing an imminent threat to go to areas pose a threat to him, taking refuge in the dominant plants in the ecosystem, goldenrod plants. With limited mobility, grasshoppers eating their own homes, encouraging diversity of habitats to grow because there is no threat curtis stone of locusts. curtis stone Nearest competitor goldenrod - Aster and clover plants (clover) and grass - grow, but this diversity comes at a high price. When the dead goldenrod, curtis stone nitrogen bound in it - the main fertilizer in land reform - exhausted. In a separate section in this experiment, the spider web (Pisaurina Mira), which Schmitz called as "spiders sit and wait ambush," occupies a specific area, allowing locusts to avoid them, roam the ecosystem and eat a variety of growing -tumbuhan. In this environment, goldenrod thrives, ultimately nourishing the soil when nitrogen-rich tissue decays. "What's really curtis stone amazing here is that different spiders have different hunting modes, and the difference in this mode causes locusts behave differently, which then carries the chain structure curtis stone of plant communities," said Schmitz. "So this is a revolution because there is a paradigm shift in ecosystem ecology. Plants, according to ecologists ecosystems have an indirect effect on carnivores. My research shows that carnivores have an indirect effect on plants." Schmitz said that the basic principles of research could be applied to larger ecosystems, such as Yellowstone National Park, and have implications for conservation policy. "If elk cougar tiger face, making ambushes, they will change where they are in the open landscape. Elk when wolves face, they can not change their location, they will only respond to the threats that closely, because wolves continue wandering around and prowl. " He added, "We know that elk can have a huge impact on plant diversity, and as a consequence, the nature of the nutrient cycle. And by the way they use the landscape, curtis stone depending on the predators they face, which will change the local ecosystem."
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